The Gerontologist
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
 QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     


This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Hays, J. C.
Right arrow Articles by George, L. K.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Hays, J. C.
Right arrow Articles by George, L. K.
The Gerontologist 41:239-249 (2001)
© 2001 The Gerontological Society of America

The Spiritual History Scale in Four Dimensions (SHS-4)

Validity and Reliability

Judith C. Hays, RN, PhDa,b, Keith G. Meador, MD,ThMd, Patricia S. Branch, MAb and Linda K. George, PhDb,c

a Department of Psychiatry and School of Nursing, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
b Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
c Department of Sociology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
d Duke University Divinity School, Durham, NC

Correspondence: Judith C. Hays, RN, PhD, Box 3875, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710. E-mail: jch{at}geri.duke.edu.

Vernon L. Greene, PhD

The goals of this study were to develop a valid, reliable measure of lifetime religious and spiritual experience and to assess its value in explaining late-life health. Procedures included semi-structured interviews with Duke Aging Center volunteers (n = 30), followed by structured interviews of a stratified, random sample of subjects (n = 157) from the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly at Duke University. Principal components analysis suggested four factors with favorable psychometrics. Health-impaired subjects reported a history of seeking/receiving divine aid (God Helped). At every level of impairment, Lifetime Religious Social Support and current religious attendance were positively correlated. Regardless of current attendance, subjects who reported higher Lifetime Religious Social Support received more instrumental social support. Healthy behaviors were associated with both God Helped and Lifetime Religious Social Support. Cost of Religiousness predicted depressive symptoms and impaired social support. Family History of Religiousness was unrelated to late-life health. Evaluation of the Spiritual History Scale in Four Dimensions (SHS-4) across geographical settings, cultural subgroups, age cohorts, and clinical samples is warranted.

Key Words: Religion • Spirituality • Life course • Health outcomes




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
Arch Intern MedHome page
K. E. Steinhauser, C. I. Voils, E. C. Clipp, H. B. Bosworth, N. A. Christakis, and J. A. Tulsky
"Are You at Peace?": One Item to Probe Spiritual Concerns at the End of Life
Arch Intern Med, January 9, 2006; 166(1): 101 - 105.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Home page
Research on AgingHome page
E. L. Idler, M. A. Musick, C. G. Ellison, L. K. George, N. Krause, M. G. Ory, K. I. Pargament, L. H. Powell, L. G. Underwood, and D. R. Williams
Measuring Multiple Dimensions of Religion and Spirituality for Health Research: Conceptual Background and Findings from the 1998 General Social Survey
Research on Aging, July 1, 2003; 25(4): 327 - 365.
[Abstract] [PDF]




HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
All GSA journals Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
Copyright © 2001 by The Gerontological Society of America.