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The Gerontologist 44:739-749 (2004)
© 2004 The Gerontological Society of America

Medicare and Medicaid Home Health and Medicaid Waiver Services for Dually Eligible Older Adults: Risk Factors for Use and Correlates of Expenditures

Richard H. Fortinsky, PhD1,, Juliane R. Fenster, MS, MPH1 and James O. Judge, MD2

Correspondence: Address correspondence to Richard H. Fortinsky, PhD, Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030-5215. E-mail: fortinsky{at}nso1.uchc.edu

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to, among frail dually eligible older adults, determine risk factors for the likelihood of using Medicare home health and Medicaid home health services and to, among service users, determine correlates of Medicare home health, Medicaid home health, and Medicaid waiver service expenditures. Design and Methods: Dually eligible individuals enrolled in Connecticut's Medicaid home- and community-based services (HCBS) waiver program for the aged (N = 5,232) were identified from a statewide database containing person-level linked data from Medicare claims, Medicaid claims, and uniform clinical assessment forms. Expenditures, based on claims data, were observed from the month following clinical assessment over the period August 1995 to December 1997. Results: In multivariate models controlling for medical conditions and sociodemographic variables, similar functional disability measures were strongly associated with the probability of the use of, and expenditures for, Medicare home health and Medicaid home health services; severe cognitive impairment was strongly associated with greater Medicaid waiver service expenditures. Implications: Given the similarity of factors associated with Medicare and Medicaid home health service use and expenditures, greater integration of Medicare and Medicaid financing, reimbursement, and delivery strategies for home health services may be feasible and warranted for dually eligible older adults enrolled in state Medicaid HCBS waiver programs.

Key Words: Medicare and Medicaid integration • Dual eligibles • Linked data • Functional disability • Home- and community-based care






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